Triyonowibowo's Blog

Blog Web Hosting Services in India

triyonowibowo — Tue, 25 May 2010 22:28:04 +0000

Blog Hosting Services in India are quite new in comparison to the new trend that has started across the world of service providers providing services to host blogs. Blogs get written to describe things quite uninhibitedly. But when a barrage of blogs ought to be maintained and written, then it becomes quite difficult if there is no proper hosting in place. Blog hosting companies in India ensure that the user does not have to face any difficulty of this sort and gets enough space in the form of hosting so that he is able to host as many blogs as he wants.

Proper blog web hosting services ensure that all the blogs are being maintained well and that the enterprise is able to handle the blogs that it maintains properly. Until and unless all of this happens, the maintenance of the blogs will go haywire and there would be no form of equilibrium at all. Blog hosting, as a matter of fact, has become such an integral part of an enterprise that believes in public involvement. Without proper hosting services in place, one can never ever imagine to maintain a plethora of blogs that ask for proper maintenance facilities.

Choosing the Right Version of Photoshop

triyonowibowo — Sun, 02 May 2010 01:47:50 +0000

Adobe Photoshop is one of the a lot of able and outstanding alteration programs out on the market. With just a scattering of photos and some exploring, anyone from amateurs to able photographers can crate masterpieces aural a amount of hours. There are two versions to accept from: Photoshop CS and Elements. What’s the difference? The aboriginal one is for pros and added is for home use (amateurs). Both appear in accepted and plus, which gives you added billow accumulator on top of the chargeless amplitude already provided on the approved version.

With Photoshop Elements, users accept affluence of controls to add effects, blow art, text, and added appearance that appear with every added editor out today. They aswell accept the adeptness to accomplish images cellophane in assertive areas, which is abundant for designing T-shirts and printed materials. If acclimated in the appropriate sequence, users can yield advantage of assorted combinations to about-face their photos into different works of art for anybody to adore and praise. There is a slight acquirements ambit if it comes to abyssal through the program, but it pays off afterwards accomplishing some exploring and experimenting.

Windows Vista vs. Windows XP: a Comparison

triyonowibowo — Mon, 19 Apr 2010 20:44:15 +0000

Windows XP had becoming top acclamation from all-around audience and still traveling up. But Microsoft had a altered plan altogether. The aftereffect was the barrage of Windows Vista, an absorbing Operating System from the big boys. However, the accession of the new OS gave bearing of abounding debates and discussions beyond the planet. Some humans still connected with XP while a appreciably ample allocation leaned appear Vista. One of the apparent affidavit of a area of humans continuing with Windows XP is its convenient interface and adjustable operation base. Let’s yield a attending aback at the differences amid Windows XP and Windows Vista:

Difference of features

Windows Aero features

Windows Vista has a about assorted affection that is a bright clear user interface with awful adapted cartoon (including Live Icons and Flip 3D). Windows Aero involves a absurd Video Cartoon Card. Normally the OS launches with the advice of Windows Basic. Therefore, you charge to apperceive whether your cartoon agenda is accordant for Windows Vista Aero.

Windows Sidebar Feature

Windows Vista comes up with a area clashing Windows XP that enables the affectation of called gadgets. Accessories are basically atomic applications that are acclimated for countless reasons. A clock, a calendar, a Currency Exchange apparatus all abatement beneath this category.

Windows Media Amateur 11

Windows Media Amateur 11 is downloadable for Windows XP but comes as a blood-tingling congenital affection of Windows Vista. The media amateur is imbibed with superb graphics-oriented user interface and aboriginal time the amateur is out of banausic text-oriented look. Another acceptable affair is it can be acclimated for file-sharing aural any home network.

Improved Windows Search

The all new Windows seek is an agitative affection of Windows Vista. Compared to Windows XP, area you had to seek with the adapted book name and delay for the time, you charge not delay that abundant as the seek after-effects in Windows Vista comes flying.

Online Fax Service

triyonowibowo — Wed, 24 Mar 2010 13:12:52 +0000

Internet or online fax casework is one anatomy of “cloud computing” which has absolutely bent blaze with companies – big and small. Mainly because by application an online fax account provider a aggregation can save on space, hardware, inks, toners, papers… and this new avant-garde way of faxing is abundant cheaper, abnormally if you accede there are no start-up costs and you don’t accept the account bill of an added fax buzz line. If you bandy in the actuality that online faxing is absolutely adaptable and makes any carriageable accessory like a corpuscle phone, PDA, netbook or laptop a basic fax machine.

You can forward and accept your faxes from anywhere as continued as you accept Internet access. This aswell makes your business accessible 24/7, 365 canicule of the year and if your aggregation depends aloft faxing to accompany in sales or to acquaintance clients; one can calmly see why application an online fax account artlessly makes acceptable business sense. However, a chat of caution, back this is usually a abiding business account or adjustment you accept to be acutely accurate if allotment a fax service. The abundance of your business could be at pale if your aggregation depends heavily aloft faxing.

Learning Management System (LMS)

triyonowibowo — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 08:36:40 +0000

What in fact is SCORM? SCORM, Shareable Agreeable Object Advertence Model, is a accepted for web-based e-learning that has been developed to ascertain advice amid client-side agreeable and a runtime environment. In the ambience of this article, the client-side agreeable would be the advance launched by a apprentice and the runtime ambiance would be a Learning Management System. The SCORM accepted has undergone several adaptation releases from SCORM v1.0 in 1999 to the SCORM 2004 3rd Edition in 2006. The purpose of this commodity is to attending in a little added detail at the advice breeze amid the LMS and a advance that is SCORM v2.1 compliant. The ambition is not to analysis every accessible advice but just the capital calls. We will attending at SCORM in the ambience of a SCORM course, i.e. a advance that has been developed and congenital to acquaint with a Learning Management System appliance the SCORM standard.

First of all, let me ascertain a few agreement that I will use and that you may apprehend in advertence to SCORM courses:

• API (Application Programming Interface)

The SCORM accepted has a authentic API. The appellation API is not different to SCORM but is a able-bodied accepted appellation in appliance development. The SCORM API is a accurate set of letters that are beatific amid the advance and the LMS. The bulletin may crave a acknowledgment so that the sender of the bulletin is affirmed that the bulletin has been accustomed and candy appropriately.

Computer

triyonowibowo — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 09:19:05 +0000

A computer is a programmable apparatus that receives input, food and manipulates data, and provides achievement in a advantageous format. Although automated examples of computers accept existed through abundant of recorded animal history, the aboriginal cyberbanking computers were developed in the mid-20th aeon (1940–1945). These were the admeasurement of a ample room, arresting as abundant adeptness as several hundred avant-garde claimed computers (PCs).[1] Avant-garde computers based on chip circuits are millions to billions of times added able than the aboriginal machines, and absorb a atom of the space.[2] Simple computers are baby abundant to fit into baby abridged devices, and can be powered by a baby battery. Claimed computers in their assorted forms are icons of the Information Age and are what a lot of humans anticipate of as “computers”. The anchored computers begin in abounding accessories from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to automated robots are about the a lot of numerous.

The adeptness to abundance and assassinate lists of instructions alleged programs makes computers acutely versatile, appropriate them from calculators. The Church–Turing apriorism is a algebraic account of this versatility: any computer with a assertive minimum adequacy is, in principle, able of assuming the aforementioned tasks that any added computer can perform. Therefore computers alignment from a netbook to a supercomputer are all able to accomplish the aforementioned computational tasks, accustomed abundant time and accumulator capacity.

PORT TCP,UDP

triyonowibowo — Mon, 02 Nov 2009 15:40:03 +0000

1/TCP,UDP	TCP Port Service Multiplexer	Official
2/TCP,UDP	Management Utility	Official
3/TCP,UDP	Compression Process	Official
4/TCP,UDP	Unassigned	Official
5/TCP,UDP	Remote Job Entry	Official
6/TCP,UDP	Unassigned	Official
7/TCP,UDP	Echo	Official
8/TCP,UDP	Unassigned	Official
9/TCP,UDP	Discard	Official
11/TCP,UDP	Active Users	Official
13/TCP,UDP	DAYTIME – (RFC 867)	Official
17/TCP,UDP	Quote of the Day	Official
18/TCP,UDP	Message Send Protocol	Official
19/TCP,UDP	Character Generator	Official
20/TCP	FTP – data	Official
21/TCP	FTP—control (command)	Official
22/TCP,UDP	Secure Shell (SSH)—used for secure logins, file transfers (scp, sftp) and port forwarding	Official
23/TCP	Telnet protocol—unencrypted text communications	Official
25/TCP,UDP	Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)—used for e-mail routing between mail servers	Official
34/TCP,UDP	Remote File (RF)—used to transfer files between machines	Unofficial
35/TCP,UDP	Any private printer server protocol	Official
35/TCP,UDP	QMS Magicolor 2 printer server protocol	Unofficial
37/TCP,UDP	TIME protocol	Official
39/TCP,UDP	Resource Location Protocol^[2] (RLP)—used for determining the location of higher level services from hosts on a network	Official
41/TCP,UDP	Graphics	Official
42/TCP,UDP	nameserver, ARPA Host Name Server Protocol	Official
42/TCP,UDP	WINS	Unofficial
43/TCP	WHOIS protocol	Official
47/TCP	GRE protocol	Official
49/TCP,UDP	TACACS Login Host protocol	Official
52/TCP,UDP	XNS (Xerox Network Systems) Time Protocol	Official
53/TCP,UDP	Domain Name System (DNS)	Official
54/TCP,UDP	XNS (Xerox Network Systems) Clearinghouse	Official
55/TCP,UDP	ISI-GL (ISI Graphics Language)	Unofficial
56/TCP,UDP	XNS (Xerox Network Systems) Authentication	Official
56/TCP,UDP	RAP (Route Access Protocol)^[3]	Unofficial
57/TCP	MTP, Mail Transfer Protocol	Unofficial
58/TCP,UDP	XNS (Xerox Network Systems) Mail	Official
67/UDP	Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) Server; also used by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)	Official
68/UDP	Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) Client; also used by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)	Official
69/UDP	Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)	Official
70/TCP	Gopher protocol	Official
79/TCP	Finger protocol	Official
80/TCP,UDP	Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)	Official
81/TCP	Torpark—Onion routing	Unofficial
82/UDP	Torpark—Control	Unofficial
83/TCP	MIT ML Device	Official
88/TCP,UDP	Kerberos—authentication system	Official
90/TCP,UDP	dnsix (DoD Network Security for Information Exchange) Securit Attribute Token Map	Official
90/TCP,UDP	Pointcast	Unofficial
99/TCP	WIP Message Protocol	Unofficial
101/TCP	NIC host name	Official
102/TCP	ISO-TSAP (Transport Service Access Point) Class 0 protocol^[4]	Official
104/TCP,UDP	ACR/NEMA Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine	Official
105/TCP,UDP	CCSO name server protocol (CSO)	Official
107/TCP	Remote TELNET Service^[5] protocol	Official
109/TCP	Post Office Protocol 2 (POP2)	Official
110/TCP	Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3)	Official
111/TCP,UDP	Sun Remote Procedure Call	Official
113/UDP	ident—user identification system, used by IRC servers to identify users	Official
113/TCP,UDP	Authentication Service (auth)	Official
115/TCP	Simple File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)	Official
117/TCP	UUCP Path Service	Official
118/TCP,UDP	SQL (Structured Query Language) Services	Official
119/TCP	Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)—used for retrieving newsgroup messages	Official
123/UDP	Network Time Protocol (NTP)—used for time synchronization	Official
135/TCP,UDP	DCE endpoint resolution	Official
135/TCP,UDP	Microsoft EPMAP (End Point Mapper), also known as DCE/RPC Locator service^[6], used to remotely manage services including DHCP server, DNS server and WINS. Also used by DCOM	Unofficial
137/TCP,UDP	NetBIOS NetBIOS Name Service	Official
138/TCP,UDP	NetBIOS NetBIOS Datagram Service	Official
139/TCP,UDP	NetBIOS NetBIOS Session Service	Official
143/TCP,UDP	Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)—used for retrieving, organizing, and synchronizing e-mail messages	Official
152/TCP,UDP	Background File Transfer Program (BFTP)^[7]	Official
153/TCP,UDP	SGMP, Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol	Official
156/TCP,UDP	SQL Service	Official
158/TCP,UDP	DMSP, Distributed Mail Service Protocol	Unofficial
161/TCP,UDP	Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)	Official
162/TCP,UDP	Simple Network Management Protocol Trap (SNMPTRAP)^[8]	Official
170/TCP	Print-srv, Network PostScript	Official
177/TCP,UDP	X Display Manager Control Protocol (XDMCP)	Official
179/TCP	BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)	Official
194/TCP,UDP	IRC (Internet Relay Chat)	Official
199/TCP,UDP	SMUX, SNMP Unix Multiplexer	Official
201/TCP,UDP	AppleTalk Routing Maintenance	Official
209/TCP,UDP	The Quick Mail Transfer Protocol	Official
210/TCP,UDP	ANSI Z39.50	Official
213/TCP,UDP	IPX	Official
218/TCP,UDP	MPP, Message Posting Protocol	Official
220/TCP,UDP	IMAP, Interactive Mail Access Protocol, version 3	Official
256/TCP,UDP	2DEV “2SP” Port	Unofficial
259/TCP,UDP	ESRO, Efficient Short Remote Operations	Official
264/TCP,UDP	BGMP, Border Gateway Multicast Protocol	Official
311/TCP	Mac OS X Server Admin (officially AppleShare IP Web administration)	Official
308/TCP	Novastor Online Backup	Official
318/TCP,UDP	PKIX TSP, Time Stamp Protocol	Official
323/TCP,UDP	IMMP, Internet Message Mapping Protocol	Unofficial
350/TCP,UDP	MATIP-Type A, Mapping of Airline Traffic over Internet Protocol	Official
351/TCP,UDP	MATIP-Type B, Mapping of Airline Traffic over Internet Protocol	Official
366/TCP,UDP	ODMR, On-Demand Mail Relay	Official
369/TCP,UDP	Rpc2portmap	Official
370/TCP,UDP	codaauth2 – Coda authentication server	Unofficial
370/TCP,UDP	securecast1 – Outgoing packets to NAI’s servers, http://www.nai.com/asp_set/anti_virus/alerts/faq.as	Unofficial
371/TCP,UDP	ClearCase albd	Official
383/TCP,UDP	HP data alarm manager	Official
384/TCP,UDP	A Remote Network Server System	Official
387/TCP,UDP	AURP, AppleTalk Update-based Routing Protocol	Official
389/TCP,UDP	Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)	Official
401/TCP,UDP	UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply	Official
402/TCP	Altiris, Altiris Deployment Client	Unofficial
411/TCP	Direct Connect Hub	Unofficial
412/TCP	Direct Connect Client-to-Client	Unofficial
427/TCP,UDP	Service Location Protocol (SLP)	Official
443/TCP,UDP	Hypertext Transfer Protocol over TLS/SSL (HTTPS)	Official
444/TCP,UDP	SNPP, Simple Network Paging Protocol (RFC 1568)	Official
445/TCP	Microsoft-DS Active Directory, Windows shares	Official
445/UDP	Microsoft-DS SMB file sharing	Official
464/TCP,UDP	Kerberos Change/Set password	Official
465/TCP	Cisco protocol	Unofficial
465/TCP	SMTP over SSL	Unofficial
475/TCP	tcpnethaspsrv (Hasp services, TCP/IP version)	Official
497/TCP	Dantz Retrospect	Official
500/UDP	Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP)	Official
501/TCP	STMF, Simple Transportation Management Framework – DOT NTCIP 1101	Unofficial
502/TCP,UDP	Modbus, Protocol	Unofficial
504/TCP,UDP	Citadel – multiservice protocol for dedicated clients for the Citadel groupware system	Official
510/TCP	First Class Protocol	Unofficial
512/TCP	Rexec, Remote Process Execution	Official
512/UDP	comsat, together with biff	Official
513/TCP	Login	Official
513/UDP	Who	Official
514/TCP	Shell—used to execute non-interactive commands on a remote system	Official
514/UDP	Syslog—used for system logging	Official
515/TCP	Line Printer Daemon—print service	Official
517/UDP	Talk	Official
518/UDP	NTalk	Official
520/TCP	efs, extended file name server	Official
520/UDP	Routing—RIP	Official
524/TCP,UDP	NCP (NetWare Core Protocol) is used for a variety things such as access to primary NetWare server resources, Time Synchronization, etc.	Official
525/UDP	Timed, Timeserver	Official
530/TCP,UDP	RPC	Official
531/TCP,UDP	AOL Instant Messenger, IRC	Unofficial
532/TCP	netnews	Official
533/UDP	netwall, For Emergency Broadcasts	Official
540/TCP	UUCP (Unix-to-Unix Copy Protocol)	Official
542/TCP,UDP	commerce (Commerce Applications)	Official
543/TCP	klogin, Kerberos login	Official
544/TCP	kshell, Kerberos Remote shell	Official
545/TCP	OSIsoft PI (VMS), OSISoft PI Server Client Access	Unofficial
546/TCP,UDP	DHCPv6 client	Official
547/TCP,UDP	DHCPv6 server	Official
548/TCP	Apple Filing Protocol (AFP) over TCP	Official
550/UDP	new-rwho, new-who	Official
554/TCP,UDP	Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP)	Official
556/TCP	Remotefs, RFS, rfs_server	Official
560/UDP	rmonitor, Remote Monitor	Official
561/UDP	monitor	Official
563/TCP,UDP	NNTP protocol over TLS/SSL (NNTPS)	Official
587/TCP	e-mail message submission^[9] (SMTP)	Official
591/TCP	FileMaker 6.0 (and later) Web Sharing (HTTP Alternate, also see port 80)	Official
593/TCP,UDP	HTTP RPC Ep Map, Remote procedure call over Hypertext Transfer Protocol, often used by Distributed Component Object Model services and Microsoft Exchange Server	Official
604/TCP	TUNNEL profile^[10], a protocol for BEEP peers to form an application layer tunnel	Official
623/UDP	ASF Remote Management and Control Protocol (ASF-RMCP)	Official
631/TCP,UDP	Internet Printing Protocol (IPP)	Official
636/TCP,UDP	Lightweight Directory Access Protocol over TLS/SSL (LDAPS)	Official
639/TCP,UDP	MSDP, Multicast Source Discovery Protocol	Official
641/TCP,UDP	SupportSoft Nexus Remote Command (control/listening): A proxy gateway connecting remote control traffic	Official
646/TCP,UDP	LDP, Label Distribution Protocol, a routing protocol used in MPLS networks	Official
647/TCP	DHCP Failover protocol^[11]	Official
648/TCP	RRP (Registry Registrar Protocol)^[12]	Official
652/TCP	DTCP, Dynamic Tunnel Configuration Protocol	Unofficial
653/TCP,UDP	SupportSoft Nexus Remote Command (data): A proxy gateway connecting remote control traffic	Official
654/TCP	AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector)	Official
655/TCP	IEEE MMS (IEEE Media Management System)^[13]^[14]	Official
657/TCP,UDP	IBM RMC (Remote monitoring and Control) protocol, used by System p5 AIX Integrated Virtualization Manager (IVM)^[15] and Hardware Management Console to connect managed logical partitions (LPAR) to enable dynamic partition reconfiguration	Official
660/TCP	Mac OS X Server administration	Official
665/TCP	sun-dr, Remote Dynamic Reconfiguration	Unofficial
666/UDP	Doom, first online first-person shooter	Official
674/TCP	ACAP (Application Configuration Access Protocol)	Official
691/TCP	MS Exchange Routing	Official
692/TCP	Hyperwave-ISP	Official
694/TCP,UDP	Linux-HA High availability Heartbeat	Official
695/TCP	IEEE-MMS-SSL (IEEE Media Management System over SSL)^[16]	Official
698/UDP	OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing)	Official
699/TCP	Access Network	Official
700/TCP	EPP (Extensible Provisioning Protocol), a protocol for communication between domain name registries and registrars (RFC 4934)	Official
701/TCP	LMP (Link Management Protocol (Internet))^[17], a protocol that runs between a pair of nodes and is used to manage traffic engineering (TE) links	Official
702/TCP	IRIS^[18]^[19] (Internet Registry Information Service) over BEEP (Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol)^[20] (RFC 3983)	Official
706/TCP	SILC, Secure Internet Live Conferencing	Official
711/TCP	Cisco TDP, Tag Distribution Protocol^[21]^[22]^[23]—being replaced by the MPLS Label Distribution Protocol^[24]	Official
712/TCP	TBRPF, Topology Broadcast based on Reverse-Path Forwarding routing protocol (RFC 3684)	Official
712/UDP	Promise RAID Controller	Unofficial
720/TCP	SMQP, Simple Message Queue Protocol	Unofficial
749/TCP,UDP	Kerberos administration	Official
750/TCP	rfile	Official
750/UDP	loadav	Official
750/UDP	kerberos-iv, Kerberos version IV	Official
751/TCP,UDP	pump	Official
751/TCP,UDP	kerberos_master, Kerberos authentication	Unofficial
752/TCP	qrh	Official
752/UDP	qrh	Official
752/UDP	userreg_server, Kerberos Password (kpasswd) server	Unofficial
753/TCP	Reverse Routing Header (rrh)^[25]	Official
753/UDP	Reverse Routing Header (rrh)	Official
753/UDP	passwd_server, Kerberos userreg server	Unofficial
754/TCP	tell send	Official
754/TCP	krb5_prop, Kerberos v5 slave propagation	Unofficial
754/UDP	tell send	Official
760/TCP,UDP	ns	Official
760/TCP,UDP	krbupdate [kreg], Kerberos registration	Unofficial
782/TCP	Conserver serial-console management server	Unofficial
783/TCP	SpamAssassin spamd daemon	Unofficial
829/TCP	CMP (Certificate Management Protocol)	Unofficial
843/TCP	Adobe Flash socket policy server	Unofficial
860/TCP	iSCSI (RFC 3720)	Official
873/TCP	rsync file synchronisation protocol	Official
888/TCP	cddbp, CD DataBase (CDDB) protocol (CDDBP)—unassigned but widespread use	Unofficial
901/TCP	Samba Web Administration Tool (SWAT)	Unofficial
901/TCP, UDP	VMware Virtual Infrastructure Client (UDP from server being managed to management console)	Unofficial
902/TCP	VMware Server Console (TCP from management console to server being Managed)	Unofficial
902/UDP	VMware Server Console (UDP from server being managed to management console)	Unofficial
903/TCP	VMware Remote Console ^[26]	Unofficial
904/TCP	VMware Server Alternate (if 902 is in use, i.e. SUSE linux)	Unofficial
911/TCP	Network Console on Acid (NCA)—local tty redirection over OpenSSH	Unofficial
953/TCP,UDP	Domain Name System (DNS) RDNC Service	Unofficial
981/TCP	SofaWare Technologies Remote HTTPS management for firewall devices running embedded Check Point FireWall-1 software	Unofficial
989/TCP,UDP	FTPS Protocol (data): FTP over TLS/SSL	Official
990/TCP,UDP	FTPS Protocol (control): FTP over TLS/SSL	Official
991/TCP,UDP	NAS (Netnews Administration System)	Official
992/TCP,UDP	TELNET protocol over TLS/SSL	Official
993/TCP	Internet Message Access Protocol over SSL (IMAPS)	Official
995/TCP	Post Office Protocol 3 over TLS/SSL (POP3S)	Official
999/TCP	ScimoreDB Database System	Unofficial
1001/TCP	JtoMB	Unofficial
1023/TCP,UDP	Reserved^[1]	Official

[edit] Registered ports: 1024–49151

Only those ports that are commonly used are listed; for full list, refer to the IANA port list.^[1]

When investigating TCP traffic, be careful not to confuse the client and server ports. The client port is incremental, typically beginning at 1024 at boot time and wrapping at 4096. If the port you are investigating is in the lower part of this range, it may be a client port. Stateful firewalls identify the server port, but packet sniffers and stateless firewalls do not. For example, a packet sniffer showing a TCP packet with source port 1080 and destination port 1494 might be either the SOCKetS or Citrix Independent Computing Architecture (ICA) protocols. The only way to know for sure is to examine the initial TCP handshake.

With UDP, client port selection depends on the application and may be incremental, fixed to a nonsensical value, or fixed equal to the server port.

Port	Description	Status
1024/TCP,UDP	Reserved^[1]	Official
1025/TCP	NFS-or-IIS	Unofficial
1026/TCP	Often utilized by Microsoft DCOM services	Unofficial
1029/TCP	Often utilized by Microsoft DCOM services	Unofficial
1058/TCP,UDP	nim, IBM AIX Network Installation Manager (NIM)	Official
1059/TCP,UDP	nimreg, IBM AIX Network Installation Manager (NIM)	Official
1080/TCP	SOCKS proxy	Official
1085/TCP,UDP	WebObjects	Official
1098/TCP,UDP	rmiactivation, RMI Activation	Official
1099/TCP,UDP	rmiregistry, RMI Registry	Official
1109/TCP,UDP	Reserved^[1]	Official
1109/TCP	Kerberos Post Office Protocol (KPOP)	Unofficial
1111/UDP	EasyBits School network discovery protocol (for Intel’s CMPC platform)	Unofficial
1140/TCP,UDP	AutoNOC protocol	Official
1167/UDP	phone, conference calling	Unofficial
1169/TCP,UDP	Tripwire	Official
1176/TCP	Perceptive Automation Indigo Home automation server	Official
1182/TCP,UDP	AcceleNet Intelligent Transfer Protocol	Official
1194/TCP,UDP	OpenVPN	Official
1198/TCP,UDP	The cajo project Free dynamic transparent distributed computing in Java	Official
1200/TCP	scol, protocol used by SCOL 3D virtual worlds server to answer world name resolution client request^[27]	Official
1200/UDP	scol, protocol used by SCOL 3D virtual worlds server to answer world name resolution client request	Official
1200/UDP	Steam Friends Applet	Unofficial
1214/TCP	Kazaa	Official
1220/TCP	QuickTime Streaming Server administration	Official
1223/TCP,UDP	TGP, TrulyGlobal Protocol, also known as “The Gur Protocol” (named for Gur Kimchi of TrulyGlobal)	Official
1234/UDP	VLC media player Default port for UDP/RTP stream	Unofficial
1236/TCP	Symantec BindView Control UNIX Default port for TCP management server connections	Unofficial
1241/TCP,UDP	Nessus Security Scanner	Official
1248/TCP	NSClient/NSClient++/NC_Net (Nagios)	Unofficial
1270/TCP,UDP	Microsoft System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) (formerly Microsoft Operations Manager (MOM)) agent	Official
1293/TCP,UDP	IPSec (Internet Protocol Security)	Official
1311/TCP	Dell Open Manage HTTPS	Unofficial
1313/TCP	Xbiim (Canvii server)	Unofficial
1337/TCP	PowerFolder P2P Encrypted File Synchronization Program	Unofficial
1337/TCP	WASTE Encrypted File Sharing Program	Unofficial
1352/TCP	IBM Lotus Notes/Domino Remote Procedure Call (RPC) protocol	Official
1387/TCP,UDP	cadsi-lm, LMS International (formerly Computer Aided Design Software, Inc. (CADSI)) LM	Official
1414/TCP	IBM WebSphere MQ (formerly known as MQSeries)	Official
1417/TCP,UDP	Timbuktu Service 1 Port	Official
1418/TCP,UDP	Timbuktu Service 2 Port	Official
1419/TCP,UDP	Timbuktu Service 3 Port	Official
1420/TCP,UDP	Timbuktu Service 4 Port	Official
1431/TCP	Reverse Gossip Transport Protocol (RGTP), used to access a General-purpose Reverse-Ordered Gossip Gathering System (GROGGS) bulletin board, such as that implemented on the Cambridge University‘s Phoenix system	Official
1433/TCP	MSSQL (Microsoft SQL Server database management system) Server	Official
1434/UDP	MSSQL (Microsoft SQL Server database management system) Monitor	Official
1494/TCP	Citrix XenApp Independent Computing Architecture (ICA) thin client protocol	Official
1500/TCP	NetGuard GuardianPro firewall (NT4-based) Remote Management	Unofficial
1501/UDP	NetGuard GuardianPro firewall (NT4-based) Authentication Client	Unofficial
1503/TCP,UDP	Windows Live Messenger (Whiteboard and Application Sharing)	Unofficial
1512/TCP,UDP	Microsoft Windows Internet Name Service (WINS)	Official
1521/TCP	nCube License Manager	Official
1521/TCP	Oracle database default listener, in future releases official port 2483	Unofficial
1524/TCP,UDP	ingreslock, ingres	Official
1526/TCP	Oracle database common alternative for listener	Unofficial
1533/TCP	IBM Sametime IM—Virtual Places Chat Microsoft SQL Server	Official
1547/TCP,UDP	Laplink	Official
1550	Gadu-Gadu (direct client-to-client)	Unofficial
1581/UDP	MIL STD 2045-47001 VMF	Official
1589/UDP	Cisco VQP (VLAN Query Protocol) / VMPS	Unofficial
1645/TCP,UDP	radius/radacct, RADIUS authentication protocol (default for Cisco and Juniper Networks RADIUS servers)	Unofficial
1627	iSketch	Unofficial
1677/TCP,UDP	Novell GroupWise clients in client/server access mode	Official
1701/UDP	Layer 2 Forwarding Protocol (L2F) & Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)	Official
1716/TCP	America’s Army Massively multiplayer online game (MMO)	Unofficial
1719/UDP	H.323 Registration and alternate communication	Official
1720/TCP	H.323 Call signalling	Official
1723/TCP,UDP	Microsoft Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)	Official
1725/UDP	Valve Steam Client	Unofficial
1755/TCP,UDP	Microsoft Media Services (MMS, ms-streaming)	Official
1761/TCP,UDP	cft-0	Official
1761/TCP	Novell Zenworks Remote Control utility	Unofficial
1762–1768/TCP,UDP	cft-1 to cft-7	Official
1812/TCP,UDP	radius, RADIUS authentication protocol	Official
1813/TCP,UDP	radacct, RADIUS accounting protocol	Official
1863/TCP	MSNP (Microsoft Notification Protocol), used by the .NET Messenger Service and a number of Instant Messaging clients	Official
1900/UDP	Microsoft SSDP Enables discovery of UPnP devices	Official
1920/TCP	IBM Tivoli Monitoring Console (https)	Unofficial
1935/TCP	Adobe Systems Macromedia Flash Real Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP) “plain” protocol	Official
1947/TCP	hasplm, Aladdin HASP Licenz Manager	Official
1970/TCP,UDP	Danware NetOp Remote Control	Official
1971/TCP,UDP	Danware NetOp School	Official
1972/TCP,UDP	InterSystems Caché	Official
1975–1977/UDP	Cisco TCO (Documentation)	Official
1984/TCP	Big Brother—network monitoring tool	Official
1985/UDP	Cisco HSRP	Official
1994/TCP,UDP	Cisco STUN-SDLC (Serial Tunneling—Synchronous Data Link Control) protocol	Official
1998/TCP,UDP	Cisco X.25 over TCP (XOT) service	Official
2000/TCP,UDP	Cisco SCCP (Skinny)	Official
2001/UDP	CAPTAN Test Stand System	Unofficial
2002/TCP	Secure Access Control Server (ACS) for Windows	Unofficial
2030	Oracle Services for Microsoft Transaction Server	Unofficial
2031/TCP,UDP	mobrien-chat—obsolete (ex-http://www.mobrien.com)	Official
2041/TCP	Mail.Ru Agent communication protocol	Unofficial
2049/UDP	Network File System	Official
2049/UDP	shilp	Official
2053/UDP	lot105-ds-upd Lot105 DSuper Updates	Official
2053/TCP	lot105-ds-upd Lot105 DSuper Updates	Official
2053/TCP	knetd Kerberos de-multiplexor	Unofficial
2056/UDP	Civilization 4 multiplayer	Unofficial
2073/TCP,UDP	DataReel Database	Official
2074/TCP,UDP	Vertel VMF SA (i.e. App.. SpeakFreely)	Official
2082/TCP	Infowave Mobility Server	Official
2082/TCP	CPanel default	Unofficial
2083/TCP	Secure Radius Service (radsec)	Official
2083/TCP	CPanel default SSL	Unofficial
2086/TCP	GNUnet	Official
2086/TCP	WebHost Manager default	Unofficial
2087/TCP	WebHost Manager default SSL	Unofficial
2095/TCP	CPanel default Web mail	Unofficial
2096/TCP	CPanel default SSL Web mail	Unofficial
2102/TCP,UDP	zephyr-srv Project Athena Zephyr Notification Service server	Official
2103/TCP,UDP	zephyr-clt Project Athena Zephyr Notification Service serv-hm connection	Official
2104/TCP,UDP	zephyr-hm Project Athena Zephyr Notification Service hostmanager	Official
2105/TCP,UDP	IBM MiniPay	Official
2105/TCP,UDP	eklogin Kerberos encrypted remote login (rlogin)	Unofficial
2105/TCP,UDP	zephyr-hm-srv Project Athena Zephyr Notification Service hm-serv connection (should use port 2102)	Unofficial
2144/TCP	Iron Mountain LiveVault Agent	UnOfficial
2145/TCP	Iron Mountain LiveVault Agent	UnOfficial
2161/TCP	APC Agent	Official
2181/TCP,UDP	EForward-document transport system	Official
2190/UDP	TiVoConnect Beacon	Unofficial
2200/UDP	Tuxanci game server^[28]	Unofficial
2210/TCP,UDP	NOAAPORT Broadcast Network	Official
2210/TCP	MikroTik Remote management for “The Dude”	Unofficial
2211/TCP,UDP	EMWIN	Official
2211/TCP	MikroTik Secure management for “The Dude”	Unofficial
2212/TCP,UDP	LeeCO POS Server Service	Official
2212/TCP	Port-A-Pour Remote WinBatch	Unofficial
2219/TCP,UDP	NetIQ NCAP Protocol	Official
2220/TCP,UDP	NetIQ End2End	Official
2222/TCP	DirectAdmin default & ESET	Unofficial
2223/UDP	Microsoft Office OS X antipiracy network monitor	Unofficial
2301/TCP	HP System Management Redirect to port 2381	Unofficial
2302/UDP	ArmA multiplayer (default for game)	Unofficial
2302/UDP	Halo: Combat Evolved multiplayer	Unofficial
2303/UDP	ArmA multiplayer (default for server reporting) (default port for game +1)	Unofficial
2305/UDP	ArmA multiplayer (default for VoN) (default port for game +3)	Unofficial
2369/TCP	Default for BMC Software CONTROL-M/Server—Configuration Agent, though often changed during installation	Official
2370/TCP	Default for BMC Software CONTROL-M/Server—to allow the CONTROL-M/Enterprise Manager to connect to the CONTROL-M/Server, though often changed during installation	Official
2381/TCP	HP Insight Manager default for Web server	Unofficial
2401/TCP	CVS version control system	Unofficial
2404/TCP	IEC 60870-5 -104, used to send electric power telecontrol messages between two systems via directly connected data circuits	Official
2420/UDP	Westell Remote Access	Official
2427/UDP	Cisco MGCP	Official
2447/TCP,UDP	ovwdb—OpenView Network Node Manager (NNM) daemon	Official
2483/TCP,UDP	Oracle database listening for unsecure client connections to the listener, replaces port 1521	Official
2484/TCP,UDP	Oracle database listening for SSL client connections to the listener	Official
2500/TCP	THEÒSMESSENGER listening for TheòsMessenger client connections	Official
2546/TCP,UDP	EVault—Data Protection Services	Unofficial
2593/TCP,UDP	RunUO—Ultima Online server	Unofficial
2598/TCP	new ICA—when Session Reliability is enabled, TCP port 2598 replaces port 1494	Unofficial
2610/TCP	Dark Ages	Unofficial
2612/TCP,UDP	QPasa from MQSoftware	Official
2638/TCP	Sybase database listener	Unofficial
2700–2800/TCP	KnowShowGo P2P	Official
2710/TCP	XBT Bittorrent Tracker	Unofficial
2710/UDP	XBT Bittorrent Tracker experimental UDP tracker extension	Unofficial
2710/TCP	Knuddels.de	Unofficial
2713/TCP,UDP	Raven Trinity Broker Service	Official
2714/TCP,UDP	Raven Trinity Data Mover	Official
2735/TCP,UDP	NetIQ Monitor Console	Official
2809/TCP	corbaloc:iiop URL, per the CORBA 3.0.3 specification	Official
2809/TCP	IBM WebSphere Application Server (WAS) Bootstrap/rmi default	Unofficial
2809/UDP	corbaloc:iiop URL, per the CORBA 3.0.3 specification.	Official
2868/TCP,UDP	Norman Proprietary Event Protocol NPEP	Official
2944/UDP	Megaco Text H.248	Unofficial
2945/UDP	Megaco Binary (ASN.1) H.248	Unofficial
2948/TCP,UDP	WAP-push Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)	Official
2949/TCP,UDP	WAP-pushsecure Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)	Official
2967/TCP	Symantec AntiVirus Corporate Edition	Unofficial
3000/TCP	Miralix License server	Unofficial
3000/UDP	Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS), modifiable default	Unofficial
3001/TCP	Miralix Phone Monitor	Unofficial
3002/TCP	Miralix CSTA	Unofficial
3003/TCP	Miralix GreenBox API	Unofficial
3004/TCP	Miralix InfoLink	Unofficial
3005/TCP	Miralix TimeOut	Unofficial
3006/TCP	Miralix SMS Client Connector	Unofficial
3007/TCP	Miralix OM Server	Unofficial
3017/TCP	Miralix IVR and Voicemail	Unofficial
3025/TCP	netpd.org	Unofficial
3030/TCP,UDP	NetPanzer	Unofficial
3050/TCP,UDP	gds_db (Interbase/Firebird)	Official
3051/TCP,UDP	Galaxy Server (Gateway Ticketing Systems)	Official
3074/TCP,UDP	Xbox LIVE and/or Games for Windows – LIVE	Official
3100/TCP	HTTP used by Tatsoft as the default listen port	Unofficial
3101/TCP	Blackberry Enterprise Server communcation to cloud	Unofficial
3128/TCP	HTTP used by Web caches and the default for the Squid cache	Unofficial
3128/TCP	HTTP used by Tatsoft as the default client connection	Unofficial
3225/TCP,UDP	FCIP (Fiber Channel over Internet Protocol)	Official
3233/TCP,UDP	WhiskerControl research control protocol	Official
3235/TCP,UDP	Galaxy Network Service (Gateway Ticketing Systems)	Official
3260/TCP,UDP	iSCSI target	Official
3268/TCP,UDP	msft-gc, Microsoft Global Catalog (LDAP service which contains data from Active Directory forests)	Official
3269/TCP,UDP	msft-gc-ssl, Microsoft Global Catalog over SSL (similar to port 3268, LDAP over SSL)	Official
3283/TCP	Apple Remote Desktop reporting (officially Net Assistant, referring to an earlier product)	Official
3299/TCP	SAP-Router (routing application proxy for SAP R/3)	Unofficial
3300/TCP	TripleA game server	Unofficial
3300/TCP,UDP	Debate Gopher backend database system	Unofficial
3305/TCP,UDP	odette-ftp, Odette File Transfer Protocol (OFTP)	Official
3306/TCP,UDP	MySQL database system	Official
3333/TCP	Network Caller ID server	Unofficial
3386/TCP,UDP	GTP’ 3GPP GSM/UMTS CDR logging protocol	Official
3389/TCP	Microsoft Terminal Server (RDP) officially registered as Windows Based Terminal (WBT)	Official
3396/TCP,UDP	Novell NDPS Printer Agent	Official
3455/TCP,UDP	[RSVP] Reservation Protocol	Official
3423/TCP	Xware xTrm Communication Protocol	Official
3424/TCP	Xware xTrm Communication Protocol over SSL	Official
3478/TCP,UDP	STUN, a protocol for NAT traversal	Official
3483/UDP	Slim Devices discovery protocol	Official
3483/TCP	Slim Devices SlimProto protocol	Official
3516/TCP,UDP	Smartcard Port	Official
3532/TCP,UDP	Raven Remote Management Control	Official
3533/TCP,UDP	Raven Remote Management Data	Official
3537/TCP,UDP	ni-visa-remote	Unofficial
3544/UDP	Teredo tunneling	Official
3632/TCP	distributed compiler	Official
3689/TCP	Digital Audio Access Protocol (DAAP)—used by Apple’s iTunes and AirPort Express	Official
3690/TCP,UDP	Subversion version control system	Official
3702/TCP,UDP	Web Services Dynamic Discovery (WS-Discovery), used by various components of Windows Vista	Official
3723/TCP,UDP	Used by many Battle.net Blizzard games (Diablo II, Warcraft II, Warcraft III, StarCraft)	Unofficial
3724/TCP,UDP	World of Warcraft Online gaming MMORPG	Unofficial
3724/TCP	Club Penguin Disney online game for kids	Unofficial
3784/TCP,UDP	Ventrilo VoIP program used by Ventrilo	Unofficial
3785/UDP	Ventrilo VoIP program used by Ventrilo	Unofficial
3868/TCP,SCTP	Diameter base protocol (RFC 3588)	Official
3872/TCP	Oracle Management Remote Agent	Unofficial
3899/TCP	Remote Administrator	Unofficial
3900/TCP	udt_os, IBM UniData UDT OS^[29]	Official
3945/TCP,UDP	EMCADS service, a Giritech product used by G/On	Official
3978/UDP	OpenTTD game serverlist masterserver	Unofficial
3979/TCP,UDP	OpenTTD game	Unofficial
3999/TCP,UDP	Norman distributed scanning service	Official
4000/TCP,UDP	Diablo II game	Unofficial
4001/TCP	Microsoft Ants game	Unofficial
4007/TCP	PrintBuzzer printer monitoring socket server	Unofficial
4018/TCP,UDP	protocol information and warnings	Official
4069/UDP	Minger Email Address Verification Protocol^[30]	Official
4089/TCP,UDP	OpenCORE Remote Control Service	Official
4093/TCP,UDP	PxPlus Client server interface ProvideX	Official
4096/TCP,UDP	Bridge-Relay Element ASCOM	Official
4100	WatchGuard Authentication Applet—default	Unofficial
4111/TCP	Xgrid	Official
4116/TCP,UDP	Smartcard-TLS	Official
4125/TCP	Microsoft Remote Web Workplace administration	Unofficial
4201/TCP	TinyMUD and various derivatives	Unofficial
4226/TCP,UDP	Aleph One (game)	Unofficial
4224/TCP	Cisco Audio Session Tunneling	Unofficial
4321/TCP	Referral Whois (RWhois) Protocol^[31]	Official
4323/UDP	Lincoln Electric’s ArcLink/XT	Unofficial
4500/UDP	IPSec NAT Traversal (RFC 3947)	Official
4534/UDP	Armagetron Advanced default server port	Unofficial
4569/UDP	Inter-Asterisk eXchange	Unofficial
4610–4640/TCP	QualiSystems TestShell Suite Services	Unofficial
4662/TCP,UDP	OrbitNet Message Service	Official
4662/TCP	often used by eMule	Unofficial
4664/TCP	Google Desktop Search	Unofficial
4672/UDP	eMule—often used	Unofficial
4747/TCP	Apprentice	Unofficial
4750/TCP	BladeLogic Agent	Unofficial
4840/TCP,UDP	OPC UA TCP Protocol for OPC Unified Architecture from OPC Foundation	Official
4843/TCP,UDP	OPC UA TCP Protocol over TLS/SSL for OPC Unified Architecture from OPC Foundation	Official
4847/TCP,UDP	Web Fresh Communication, Quadrion Software & Odorless Entertainment	Official
4993/TCP,UDP	Home FTP Server web Interface Default Port
4894/TCP,UDP	LysKOM Protocol A	Official
4899/TCP,UDP	Radmin remote administration tool (program sometimes used by a Trojan horse)	Official
5000/TCP	commplex-main	Official
5000/TCP	UPnP—Windows network device interoperability	Unofficial
5000/TCP,UDP	VTun—VPN Software	Unofficial
5001/TCP	commplex-link	Official
5001/TCP,UDP	Iperf (Tool for measuring TCP and UDP bandwidth performance)	Unofficial
5001/TCP	Slingbox and Slingplayer	Unofficial
5003/TCP,UDP	FileMaker	Official
5004/TCP,UDP,DCCP	RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) media data (RFC 3551, RFC 4571)	Official
5005/TCP,UDP,DCCP	RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) control protocol (RFC 3551, RFC 4571)	Official
5031/TCP,UDP	AVM CAPI-over-TCP (ISDN over Ethernet tunneling)	Unofficial
5050/TCP	Yahoo! Messenger	Unofficial
5051/TCP	ita-agent Symantec Intruder Alert^[32]	Official
5060/TCP,UDP	Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)	Official
5061/TCP	Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) over TLS	Official
5093/UDP	SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) License Administrator	Unofficial
5104/TCP	IBM Tivoli Framework NetCOOL/Impact^[33] HTTP Service	Unofficial
5106/TCP	A-Talk Common connection	Unofficial
5107/TCP	A-Talk Remote server connection	Unofficial
5110/TCP	ProRat Server	Unofficial
5121/TCP	Neverwinter Nights	Unofficial
5151/TCP	ESRI SDE Instance	Official
5151/UDP	ESRI SDE Remote Start	Official
5154/TCP,UDP	BZFlag	Official
5176/TCP	ConsoleWorks default UI interface	Unofficial
5190/TCP	ICQ and AOL Instant Messenger	Official
5222/TCP	Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) client connection (RFC 3920)	Official
5223/TCP	Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) client connection over SSL	Unofficial
5269/TCP	Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) server connection (RFC 3920)	Official
5298/TCP,UDP	Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) JEP-0174: Link-Local Messaging / XEP-0174: Serverless Messaging	Official
5310/TCP,UDP	Ginever.net data communication port	Unofficial
5311/TCP,UDP	Ginever.net data communication port	Unofficial
5312/TCP,UDP	Ginever.net data communication port	Unofficial
5313/TCP,UDP	Ginever.net data communication port	Unofficial
5314/TCP,UDP	Ginever.net data communication port	Unofficial
5315/TCP,UDP	Ginever.net data communication port	Unofficial
5351/TCP,UDP	NAT Port Mapping Protocol—client-requested configuration for inbound connections through network address translators	Official
5353/UDP	Multicast DNS (mDNS)	Official
5355/TCP,UDP	LLMNR—Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution, allows hosts to perform name resolution for hosts on the same local link (only provided by Windows Vista and Server 2008)	Official
5402/TCP,UDP	mftp, Stratacache OmniCast content delivery system MFTP file sharing protocol	Official
5405/TCP,UDP	NetSupport	Official
5421/TCP,UDP	Net Support 2	Official
5432/TCP,UDP	PostgreSQL database system	Official
5433/TCP	Bouwsoft file/webserver (http://www.bouwsoft.be)	Unofficial
5445/UDP	Cisco Unified Video Advantage	Unofficial
5450/TCP	OSIsoft PI Server Client Access	Unofficial
5495/TCP	Applix TM1 Admin server	Unofficial
5498/TCP	Hotline tracker server connection	Unofficial
5499/UDP	Hotline tracker server discovery	Unofficial
5500/TCP	VNC remote desktop protocol—for incoming listening viewer, Hotline control connection	Unofficial
5501/TCP	Hotline file transfer connection	Unofficial
5517/TCP	Setiqueue Proxy server client for SETI@Home project	Unofficial
5550/TCP	Hewlett-Packard Data Protector	Unofficial
5555/TCP	Freeciv versions up to 2.0, Hewlett-Packard Data Protector, SAP	Unofficial
5556/TCP,UDP	Freeciv	Official
5631/TCP	pcANYWHEREdata, Symantec pcAnywhere (version 7.52 and later^[34])^[35] data	Official
5632/UDP	pcANYWHEREstat, Symantec pcAnywhere (version 7.52 and later) status	Official
5666/TCP	NRPE (Nagios)	Unofficial
5667/TCP	NSCA (Nagios)	Unofficial
5723/TCP	Operations Manager	Unofficial
5800/TCP	VNC remote desktop protocol—for use over HTTP	Unofficial
5814/TCP,UDP	Hewlett-Packard Support Automation (HP OpenView Self-Healing Services)	Official
5850/TCP	COMIT SE (PCR)	Unofficial
5852/TCP	Adeona client: communications to OpenDHT	Unofficial
5900/TCP,UDP	Virtual Network Computing (VNC) remote desktop protocol (used by Apple Remote Desktop and others)	Official
5938/TCP,UDP	TeamViewer^[36] remote desktop protocol	Unofficial
5984/TCP,UDP	CouchDB database server	Official
5999/TCP	CVSup ^[37] file update tool	Official
6000/TCP	X11—used between an X client and server over the network	Official
6001/UDP	X11—used between an X client and server over the network	Official
6005/TCP	Default for BMC Software CONTROL-M/Server—Socket used for communication between CONTROL-M processes—though often changed during installation	Official
6005/TCP	Default for Camfrog Chat & Cam Client http://www.camfrog.com	Unofficial
6050/TCP	Brightstor Arcserve Backup	Unofficial
6050/TCP	Nortel Software	Unofficial
6051/TCP	Brightstor Arcserve Backup	Unofficial
6072/TCP	iOperator Protocol Signal Port	Unofficial
6086/TCP	PDTP—FTP like file server in a P2P network	Official
6100/TCP	Vizrt System	Unofficial
6101/TCP	Backup Exec Agent Browser	Unofficial
6110/TCP,UDP	softcm, HP Softbench CM	Official
6111/TCP,UDP	spc, HP Softbench Sub-Process Control	Official
6112/TCP,UDP	“dtspcd”—a network daemon that accepts requests from clients to execute commands and launch applications remotely	Official
6112/TCP	Blizzard‘s Battle.net gaming service, ArenaNet gaming service	Unofficial
6112/TCP	Club Penguin Disney online game for kids	Unofficial
6113/TCP	Club Penguin Disney online game for kids	Unofficial
6129/TCP	DameWare Remote Control	Official
6257/UDP	WinMX (see also 6699)	Unofficial
6262/TCP	Sybase Advantage Database Server	Unofficial
6346/TCP,UDP	gnutella-svc, Gnutella (FrostWire, Limewire, Shareaza, etc.)	Official
6347/TCP,UDP	gnutella-rtr, Gnutella alternate	Official
6389/TCP	EMC Clariion	Unofficial
6432/TCP	PgBouncer – A connection pooler for PostgreSQL	Official
6444/TCP,UDP	Sun Grid Engine—Qmaster Service	Official
6445/TCP,UDP	Sun Grid Engine—Execution Service	Official
6502/TCP,UDP	Danware Data NetOp Remote Control	Unofficial
6522/TCP	Gobby (and other libobby-based software)	Unofficial
6523/TCP	Gobby 0.5 (and other libinfinity-based software)	Unofficial
6543/UDP	Paradigm Research & Development Jetnet^[38] default	Unofficial
6566/TCP	SANE (Scanner Access Now Easy)—SANE network scanner daemon	Unofficial
6571	Windows Live FolderShare client	Unofficial
6600/TCP	Music Playing Daemon (MPD)	Unofficial
6619/TCP,UDP	odette-ftps, Odette File Transfer Protocol (OFTP) over TLS/SSL	Official
6646/UDP	McAfee Network Agent	Unofficial
6660–6664/TCP	Internet Relay Chat	Unofficial
6665–6669/TCP	Internet Relay Chat	Official
6679/TCP	IRC SSL (Secure Internet Relay Chat)—often used	Unofficial
6697/TCP	IRC SSL (Secure Internet Relay Chat)—often used	Unofficial
6699/TCP	WinMX (see also 6257)	Unofficial
6771/UDP	Polycom server broadcast	Unofficial
6789/TCP	Datalogger Support Software Campbell Scientific Loggernet Software	Unofficial
6881–6887/TCP,UDP	BitTorrent part of full range of ports used most often	Unofficial
6888/TCP,UDP	MUSE	Official
6888/TCP,UDP	BitTorrent part of full range of ports used most often	Unofficial
6889–6890/TCP,UDP	BitTorrent part of full range of ports used most often	Unofficial
6891–6900/TCP,UDP	BitTorrent part of full range of ports used most often	Unofficial
6891–6900/TCP,UDP	Windows Live Messenger (File transfer)	Unofficial
6901/TCP,UDP	Windows Live Messenger (Voice)	Unofficial
6901/TCP,UDP	BitTorrent part of full range of ports used most often	Unofficial
6902–6968/TCP,UDP	BitTorrent part of full range of ports used most often	Unofficial
6969/TCP,UDP	acmsoda	Official
6969/TCP	BitTorrent tracker	Unofficial
6970–6999/TCP,UDP	BitTorrent part of full range of ports used most often	Unofficial
7000/TCP	Default for Vuze‘s built in HTTPS Bittorrent Tracker	Unofficial
7001/TCP	Default for BEA WebLogic Server‘s HTTP server, though often changed during installation	Unofficial
7002/TCP	Default for BEA WebLogic Server‘s HTTPS server, though often changed during installation	Unofficial
7005/TCP	Default for BMC Software CONTROL-M/Server and CONTROL-M/Agent for Agent-to-Server, though often changed during installation	Official
7006/TCP	Default for BMC Software CONTROL-M/Server and CONTROL-M/Agent for Server-to-Agent, though often changed during installation	Official
7010/TCP	Default for Cisco AON AMC (AON Management Console) [2]	Unofficial
7025/TCP	Zimbra LMTP [mailbox]—local mail delivery	Unofficial
7047/TCP	Zimbra conversion server	Unofficial
7133/TCP	Enemy Territory: Quake Wars	Unofficial
7171/TCP	Tibia	Unofficial
7306/TCP	Zimbra mysql [mailbox]	Unofficial
7307/TCP	Zimbra mysql [logger]	Unofficial
7312/UDP	Sibelius License Server	Unofficial
7400/TCP,UDP	RTPS (Real Time Publish Subscribe) DDS Discovery	Official
7401/TCP,UDP	RTPS (Real Time Publish Subscribe) DDS User-Traffic	Official
7402/TCP,UDP	RTPS (Real Time Publish Subscribe) DDS Meta-Traffic	Official
7670/TCP	BrettspielWelt BSW Boardgame Portal	Unofficial
7676/TCP	Aqumin AlphaVision Remote Command Interface	Unofficial
7777/TCP	iChat server file transfer proxy	Unofficial
7777/TCP	Default used by Windows backdoor program tini.exe	Unofficial
7777-7788/TCP,udp	Unreal Tournament 2004 default server	Unofficial
7831/TCP	Default used by Smartlaunch Internet Cafe Administration^[39] software	Unofficial
7915/TCP	Default for YSFlight server [3]	Unofficial
8000/TCP,UDP	iRDMI (Intel Remote Desktop Management Interface)^[40]—sometimes erroneously used instead of port 8080	Official
8000–8001/TCP	Commonly used for internet radio streams such as those using SHOUTcast	Unofficial
8002/TCP	Cisco Systems Unified Call Manager Intercluster	Unofficial
8008/TCP	HTTP Alternate	Official
8008/TCP	IBM HTTP Server administration default	Unofficial
8009/TCP	ajp13 – Apache JServ Protocol AJP Connector	Unofficial
8010/TCP	XMPP File transfers	Unofficial
8074/TCP	Gadu-Gadu	Unofficial
8080/TCP	HTTP alternate (http_alt)—commonly used for Web proxy and caching server, or for running a Web server as a non-root user	Official
8080/TCP	Apache Tomcat	Unofficial
8080/UDP	FilePhile Master/Relay	Unofficial
8081/TCP	HTTP alternate, e.g. McAfee ePolicy Orchestrator (ePO)	Unofficial
8086/TCP	HELM Web Host Automation Windows Control Panel	Unofficial
8086/TCP	Kaspersky AV Control Center	Unofficial
8087/TCP	Hosting Accelerator Control Panel	Unofficial
8087/TCP	Parallels Plesk Control Panel	Unofficial
8087/UDP	Kaspersky AV Control Center	Unofficial
8090/TCP	HTTP Alternate (http_alt_alt)—used as an alternative to port 8080	Unofficial
8116/UDP	Check Point Cluster Control Protocol	Unofficial
8118/TCP	Privoxy—advertisement-filtering Web proxy	Official
8123/TCP	Polipo Web proxy	Official
8192/TCP	Sophos Remote Management System	Unofficial
8193/TCP	Sophos Remote Management System	Unofficial
8194/TCP	Sophos Remote Management System	Unofficial
8200/TCP	GoToMyPC	Unofficial
8222	VMware Server Management User Interface (insecure Web interface)^[41]. See also port 8333	Unofficial
8243/TCP,UDP	HTTPS listener for Apache Synapse ^[42]	Official
8280/TCP,UDP	HTTP listener for Apache Synapse ^[42]	Official
8291/TCP	Winbox—Default on a MikroTik RouterOS for a Windows application used to administer MikroTik RouterOS	Unofficial
8333	VMware Server Management User Interface (secure Web interface)^[41]. See also port 8222	Unofficial
8400/TCP,UDP	cvp, Commvault Unified Data Management	Official
8443/TCP	SW Soft Plesk Control Panel, Apache Tomcat SSL, Promise WebPAM SSL	Unofficial
8484/TCP,UDP	MapleStory	Unofficial
8500/TCP,IPX	ColdFusion Macromedia/Adobe ColdFusion default and Duke Nukem 3D—default	Unofficial
8501/TCP	[4] DukesterX —default	Unofficial
8691/TCP	Ultra Fractal default server port for distributing calculations over network computers	Unofficial
8701/UDP	SoftPerfect Bandwidth Manager	Unofficial
8702/UDP	SoftPerfect Bandwidth Manager	Unofficial
8767/UDP	TeamSpeak—default	Unofficial
8768/UDP	TeamSpeak—alternate	Unofficial
8880/UDP	cddbp-alt, CD DataBase (CDDB) protocol (CDDBP) alternate	Official
8880/TCP	cddbp-alt, CD DataBase (CDDB) protocol (CDDBP) alternate	Official
8880/TCP	WebSphere Application Server SOAP connector default	Unofficial
8881/TCP	Atlasz Informatics Research Ltd [5] Secure Application Server	Unofficial
8882/TCP	Atlasz Informatics Research Ltd [6] Secure Application Server	Unofficial
8888/TCP,UDP	NewsEDGE server	Official
8888/TCP	Sun Answerbook dwhttpd server (deprecated by docs.sun.com)	Unofficial
8888/TCP	GNUmp3d HTTP music streaming and Web interface	Unofficial
8888/TCP	LoLo Catcher HTTP Web interface (www.optiform.com)	Unofficial
8888/TCP	D2GS Admin Console Telnet administration console for D2GS servers (Diablo 2)	Unofficial
8888/TCP	Earthland Relams 2 Server (AU1_2)	Unofficial
8889/TCP	Earthland Relams 2 Server (AU1_1)	Unofficial
9000/TCP	Buffalo LinkSystem Web access	Unofficial
9000/TCP	DBGp	Unofficial
9000/TCP	SqueezeCenter web server & streaming	Unofficial
9000/UDP	UDPCast	Unofficial
9001	Microsoft Sharepoint Authoring Environment	Official
9001	cisco-xremote router configuration	Unofficial
9001	Tor network default	Unofficial
9001/TCP	DBGp Proxy	Unofficial
9009/TCP,UDP	Pichat Server—Peer to peer chat software	Official
9030/TCP	Tor often used	Unofficial
9043/TCP	WebSphere Application Server Administration Console secure	Unofficial
9050/TCP	Tor	Unofficial
9051/TCP	Tor	Unofficial
9060/TCP	WebSphere Application Server Administration Console	Unofficial
9080/UDP	glrpc, Groove Collaboration software GLRPC	Official
9080/TCP	glrpc, Groove Collaboration software GLRPC	Official
9080/TCP	WebSphere Application Server HTTP Transport (port 1) default	Unofficial
9090/TCP	Openfire Administration Console	Unofficial
9090/TCP	SqueezeCenter control (CLI)	Unofficial
9091/TCP	Openfire Administration Console (SSL Secured)	Unofficial
9100/TCP	PDL Data Stream	Official
9101	Bacula Director	Official
9102	Bacula File Daemon	Official
9103	Bacula Storage Daemon	Official
9105/TCP,UDP	Xadmin Control Daemon	Official
9110/UDP	SSMP Message protocol	Unofficial
9119/TCP,UDP	MXit Instant Messenger	Official
9300/TCP	IBM Cognos 8 SOAP Business Intelligence and Performance Management	Unofficial
9418/TCP,UDP	git, Git pack transfer service	Official
9420/TCP	MooseFS distributed file system – master server to chunk servers	Unofficial
9421/TCP	MooseFS distributed file system – master server to clients	Unofficial
9422/TCP	MooseFS distributed file system – chunk servers to clients	Unofficial
9535/TCP	mngsuite, LANDesk Management Suite Remote Control	Official
9535/UDP	mngsuite, LANDesk Management Suite Remote Control	Official
9800/TCP,UDP	WebDAV Source	Official
9800	WebCT e-learning portal	Unofficial
9875/TCP	Club Penguin Disney online game for kids	Unofficial
9898/TCP,UDP	MonkeyCom	Official
9898/TCP	Tripwire – File Integrity Monitoring Software	Unofficial
9996/TCP,UDP	The Palace “The Palace” Virtual Reality Chat software. – 5	Official
9999	Hydranode—edonkey2000 TELNET control	Unofficial
9999/TCP	Lantronix UDS-10/UDS100^[43] RS-485 to Ethernet Converter TELNET control	Unofficial
9999	Urchin Web Analytics	Unofficial
10000	Webmin—Web-based Linux admin tool	Unofficial
10000	BackupExec	Unofficial
10000	Ericsson Account Manager (avim)	Unofficial
10001/TCP	Lantronix UDS-10/UDS100^[44] RS-485 to Ethernet Converter default	Unofficial
10008/TCP,UDP	Octopus Multiplexer, primary port for the CROMP protocol, which provides a platform-independent means for communication of objects across a network	Official
10010/TCP	Open Object Rexx (ooRexx) rxapi daemon	Official
10017	AIX,NeXT, HPUX—rexd daemon control	Unofficial
10024/TCP	Zimbra smtp [mta]—to amavis from postfix	Unofficial
10025/TCP	Ximbra smtp [mta]—back to postfix from amavis	Unofficial
10050/TCP,UDP	Zabbix-Agent	Official
10051/TCP,UDP	Zabbix-Trapper	Official
10113/TCP,UDP	NetIQ Endpoint	Official
10114/TCP,UDP	NetIQ Qcheck	Official
10115/TCP,UDP	NetIQ Endpoint	Official
10116/TCP,UDP	NetIQ VoIP Assessor	Official
10200/TCP	FRISK Software International‘s fpscand virus scanning daemon for Unix platforms [7]	Unofficial
10200–10204/TCP	FRISK Software International‘s f-protd virus scanning daemon for Unix platforms [8]	Unofficial
10308	Lock-on: Modern Air Combat	Unofficial
10480	SWAT 4 Dedicated Server	Unofficial
11211	memcached	Unofficial
11235	Savage:Battle for Newerth Server Hosting	Unofficial
11294	Blood Quest Online Server	Unofficial
11371	OpenPGP HTTP key server	Official
11576	IPStor Server management communication	Unofficial
12012/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, Korea Server – Status/Version Check	Unofficial
12013/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, Korea Server	Unofficial
12035/UDP	Linden Lab viewer to sim	Unofficial
12345	NetBus—remote administration tool (often Trojan horse). Also used by NetBuster. Little Fighter 2 (TCP).	Unofficial
12975/TCP	LogMeIn Hamachi (VPN tunnel software; also port 32976)—used to connect to Mediation Server (bibi.hamachi.cc); will attempt to use SSL (TCP port 443) if both 12975 & 32976 fail to connect	Unofficial
12998–12999/UDP	Takenaka RDI Mirror World on SL	Unofficial
13000–13050/UDP	Linden Lab viewer to sim	Unofficial
13076/TCP	Default for BMC Software CONTROL-M/Enterprise Manager Corba communication, though often changed during installation	Official
13720/TCP,UDP	Symantec NetBackup—bprd (formerly VERITAS)	Official
13721/TCP,UDP	Symantec NetBackup—bpdbm (formerly VERITAS)	Official
13724/TCP,UDP	Symantec Network Utility—vnetd (formerly VERITAS)	Official
13782/TCP,UDP	Symantec NetBackup—bpcd (formerly VERITAS)	Official
13783/TCP,UDP	Symantec VOPIED protocol (formerly VERITAS)	Official
13785/TCP,UDP	Symantec NetBackup Database—nbdb (formerly VERITAS)	Official
13786/TCP,UDP	Symantec nomdb (formerly VERITAS)	Official
14439/TCP	APRS UI-View Amateur Radio^[45] UI-WebServer	Unofficial
14567/UDP	Battlefield 1942 and mods	Unofficial
15000/TCP	psyBNC	Unofficial
15000/TCP	Wesnoth	Unofficial
15000/TCP	Kaspersky Network Agent	Unofficial
15000/TCP	hydap, Hypack Hydrographic Software Packages Data Acquisition	Official
15000/UDP	hydap, Hypack Hydrographic Software Packages Data Acquisition	Official
15567/UDP	Battlefield Vietnam and mods	Unofficial
15345/TCP,UDP	XPilot Contact	Official
16000/TCP	shroudBNC	Unofficial
16080/TCP	Mac OS X Server Web (HTTP) service with performance cache^[46]	Unofficial
16384/UDP	Iron Mountain Digital online backup	Unofficial
16567/UDP	Battlefield 2 and mods	Unofficial
18010/TCP	Super Dancer Online Extreme(SDO-X) – CiB Net Station Malaysia Server	Unofficial
18180/TCP	DART Reporting server	Unofficial
18200/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, AsiaSoft Thailand Server – Status/Version Check	Unofficial
18201/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, AsiaSoft Thailand Server	Unofficial
18206/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, AsiaSoft Thailand Server – FAM Database	Unofficial
18300/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, AsiaSoft SEA Server – Status/Version Check	Unofficial
18301/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, AsiaSoft SEA Server	Unofficial
18306/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, AsiaSoft SEA Server – FAM Database	Unofficial
18400/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, KAIZEN Brazil Server – Status/Version Check	Unofficial
18401/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, KAIZEN Brazil Server	Unofficial
18505/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, Nexon Server – Status/Version Check	Unofficial
18506/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, Nexon Server	Unofficial
18605/TCP,UDP	X-BEAT – Status/Version Check	Unofficial
18606/TCP,UDP	X-BEAT	Unofficial
19000/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, G10/alaplaya Server – Status/Version Check	Unofficial
19001/TCP,UDP	Audition Online Dance Battle, G10/alaplaya Server	Unofficial
19226/TCP	Panda Software AdminSecure Communication Agent	Unofficial
19283/TCP,UDP	K2 – KeyAuditor & KeyServer, Sassafras Software Inc. Software Asset Management tools	Official
19315/TCP,UDP	KeyShadow for K2 – KeyAuditor & KeyServer, Sassafras Software Inc. Software Asset Management tools	Official
19638/TCP	Ensim Control Panel	Unofficial
19771/TCP,UDP	Softros LAN Messenger	Unofficial
19813/TCP	4D database Client Server Communication	Unofficial
19880/TCP	Softros LAN Messenger	Unofficial
20000	DNP (Distributed Network Protocol), a protocol used in SCADA systems between communicating RTU‘s and IED‘s	Official
20000	Usermin, Web-based user tool	Unofficial
20014/TCP	DART Reporting server	Unofficial
20720/TCP	Symantec i3 Web GUI server	Unofficial
22347/TCP,UDP	WibuKey, WIBU-SYSTEMS AG Software protection system	Official
22350/TCP,UDP	CodeMeter, WIBU-SYSTEMS AG Software protection system	Official
23073	Soldat Dedicated Server	Unofficial
23399	Skype Default Protocol	Unofficial
23513	[9] Duke Nukem Ports	Unofficial
24444	NetBeans integrated development environment	Unofficial
24465/TCP,UDP	Tonido Directory Server for Tonido which is a Personal Web app and peer-to-peer platform	Official
24554/TCP,UDP	BINKP, Fidonet mail transfers over TCP/IP	Official
24800	Synergy: keyboard/mouse sharing software	Unofficial
24842	StepMania: Online: Dance Dance Revolution Simulator	Unofficial
25888/UDP	Xfire (Firewall Report, UDP_IN) IP Address (206.220.40.146) resolves to gameservertracking.xfire.com. Use unknown.	Unofficial
25999/TCP	Xfire	Unofficial
26000/TCP,UDP	id Software‘s Quake server	Official
26000/TCP	CCP‘s EVE Online Online gaming MMORPG	Unofficial
26900/TCP	CCP‘s EVE Online Online gaming MMORPG	Unofficial
26901/TCP	CCP‘s EVE Online Online gaming MMORPG	Unofficial
27000/UDP	(through 27006) id Software‘s QuakeWorld master server	Unofficial
27000/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27001/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27002/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27003/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27004/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27005/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27006/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27007/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27008/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27009/TCP	FlexNet Publisher‘s License server (from the range of default ports)	Unofficial
27010	Source engine dedicated server port	Unofficial
27015	GoldSrc and Source engine dedicated server port	Unofficial
27374	Sub7 default. Most script kiddies do not change from this.	Unofficial
27500/UDP	(through 27900) id Software‘s QuakeWorld	Unofficial
27888/UDP	Kaillera server	Unofficial
27900	(through 27901) Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection	Unofficial
27901/UDP	(through 27910) id Software‘s Quake II master server	Unofficial
27960/UDP	(through 27969) Activision‘s Enemy Territory and id Software‘s Quake III Arena and Quake III and some ioquake3 derived games	Unofficial
28000	Bitfighter Common/default Bitfighter Server	Unofficial
28001	Starsiege: Tribes Common/default Tribes v.1 Server	Unofficial
28395/TCP	www.SmartSystemsLLC.com Used by Smart Sale 5.0	Unofficial
28910	Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection	Unofficial
28960/UDP	Call of Duty – Call of Duty: United Offensive – Call of Duty 2 – Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare – Call of Duty: World at War (PC Version)	Unofficial
29900	(through 29901) Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection	Unofficial
29920	Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection	Unofficial
30000	Pokémon Netbattle	Unofficial
30301	BitTorrent	Unofficial
30564/TCP	Multiplicity: keyboard/mouse/clipboard sharing software	Unofficial
31337/TCP	Back Orifice—remote administration tool (often Trojan horse)	Unofficial
31415	ThoughtSignal—Server Communication Service (often Informational)	Unofficial
31456/TCP	TetriNET IRC gateway on some servers	Unofficial
31457/TCP	TetriNET	Official
31458/TCP	TetriNET Used for game spectators	Unofficial
32245/TCP	MMTSG-mutualed over MMT (encrypted transmission)	Unofficial
32976/TCP	LogMeIn Hamachi (VPN tunnel software; also port 12975)—used to connect to Mediation Server (bibi.hamachi.cc); will attempt to use SSL (TCP port 443) if both 12975 & 32976 fail to connect	Unofficial
33434/TCP,UDP	traceroute	Official
34443	Linksys PSUS4 print server	Unofficial
36963	Counter Strike 2D multiplayer (2D clone of popular CounterStrike computer game)	Unofficial
37777/TCP	Digital Video Recorder hardware	Unofficial
40000/TCP,UDP	SafetyNET p Real-time Industrial Ethernet protocol	Official
43047/TCP	TheòsMessenger second port for service TheòsMessenger	Official
43594–43595/TCP	RuneScape	Unofficial
47808/TCP,UDP	BACnet Building Automation and Control Networks	Official
49151/TCP,UDP	Reserved^[1]	Official

PORT NUMBERS

triyonowibowo — Sun, 01 Nov 2009 07:54:38 +0000

Service TCP UDP Notes
SSH 22 Secure Shell *
HTTP 80 HyperText Transfer Protocol * (e.g. for web browsing). Currently (2003-07-05) HTTP/1.1 is officially described in RFC 2616.
HOSTS2 Name Server 81 81 * An interesting story. The name attached to this port in the IANA list, Earl Killian, says he shouldn’t be. He says “I don’t know what 81 is, or whether it is still in use.” Since Mr. Killian doesn’t know what HOSTS2 is/was, and with Postel gone, I wonder if there’s anyone left in the world who knows what 81 was/is for and who actually requested it.
XFER Utility 82 82 * Another interesting story. The name attached to this port in the IANA list, Thomas M. Smith of Lockheed Martin, says “Sorry… there is no publicly available information regarding the details of the XFER Utility and its use of tcp and udp port # 82. XFER employs a proprietary protocol which has not been disclosed.”
RPC Endpoint Mapper 135 135 * registered as “epmap – DCE endpoint resolution”. Used by Microsoft for RPC locator service. See additional information.
LDAP 389 389 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol *
MS NetMeeting LDAP or ULP, dyn >=1024, 1503, H.323 HostCall, MS ICCP dyn >=1024 videoconferencing
Timbuktu 407, 1417-1420 407 remote control *
SLP 427 427 Service Location Protocol * Used by MacOS and NetWare.
HTTPs 443 secure HTTP (SSL) *
LPD / printer 515 515 printing * LPD stands for Line Printer Daemon. Also see printing section.
ULP 522 522 User Location Protocol (Microsoft) *
AppleTalk Filing Protocol (AFP) 548 548 *
QuickTime 4 RTSP RTP-QT4 streaming audio, video *
RTSP 554 Real Time Streaming Protocol *. Currently (2003-07-05) described in RFC 2326.
NNTPs 563 secure NNTP news (SSL) *
Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) 631 631 print remotely to any IPP enabled printer through the Internet * The Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) is based on IPP. Also see printing section.
LDAPs 636 636 secure LDAP * (LDAP protocol over TLS/SSL)
Doom 666 666 network game *
Remotely Possible (ControlIT) 799 remote control. CA ControlIT support.
VMware Virtual Machine Console 902 remote control and viewing of virtual machines. vmware-authd.
SOCKS 1080 internet proxy *. Also used by Trojans.
OpenVPN 1194 1194 *
Kazaa 1214 1214 peer-to-peer file sharing *
WASTE 1337 1337 peer-to-peer. Also see InfoAnarchy WASTE FAQ. This port is officially registered for Men and Mice DNS (QuickDNS Remote).
Lotus Notes Domino 1352 *
VocalTec Internet Phone 1490, 6670, 25793 22555 videoconferencing *
Citrix ICA 1494, dyn >=1023 1604, dyn >=1023 remote application access *
Virtual Places 1533 conferencing *, also see VP voice
Xing StreamWorks 1558 streaming video *
Novell GroupWise (Remote Client) 1677 1677 group collaboration * NOTE: Other features of GroupWise use many other ports.
H.323 Host Call 1720 1720 H.323 host call *
PPTP 1723 virtual private network (VPN) * Note PPTP also uses the GRE protocol. However Microsoft says in Understanding PPTP: “PPTP can be used with most firewalls and routers by enabling traffic destined for port 1723 to be routed through the firewall or router.”
MS ICCP 1731 1731 audio call control (Microsoft) *
MS NetShow 1755 1755, dyn >=1024 =1024 4000 locator, chat (note: see newer AOL ICQ)
Blizzard / Battle.net 4000, 6112-6119 4000, 6112-6119 network gaming – support (captured 2001-11-11), proxy and firewall info
Abacast 4000-4100, 4500, 9000-9100 peer-to-peer audio and video streaming. NOTE: This software will create OUTGOING streams to other users if it can.
GlobalChat client, server 4020 4020 chat rooms, used to be called ichat
PGPfone 4747 secure phone
PlayLink 4747, 4748, 10090 6144 online games
radmin 4899 4899 remote control *
Yahoo Messenger – Voice Chat 5000-5001 5000-5010 voice chat
GnomeMeeting H.323 HostCall, 30000-30010 5000-5003, 5010-5013 audio and videoconference. 5000-5003 is RTP and RTCP range for this app.
Yahoo Messenger – messages 5050 messaging. NOTE: It will try ports 5050, 80, any port.
SIP 5060 5060 Session Initiation Protocol *. For audio and video. Currently (2003-07-05) see RFCs 3261, 3262, 3263, 3264, 3265
Apple iChat AV SIP, RTP-iChatAV audio and video conferencing. May also need iChat local port.
Yahoo Messenger – Webcams 5100 video
AOL Instant Messenger (AIM) 5190 5190 America OnLine * Also used by Apple iChat (in AIM compatibility mode).
AIM Video IM 1024-5000 ? 1024-5000 ? video chat. It is unclear from their FAQ whether you need to open both TCP and UDP ports.
AOL ICQ 5190, dyn >=1024 messaging
AOL 5190-5193 5190-5193 America OnLine *
XMPP / Jabber 5222, 5269 5222, 5269 * Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol. Also see Using Jabber behind firewalls. Defined by XMPP specs (RFCs now issued), specs created by IETF group.
Qnext 5235-5237 5235-5237 audio / video conference, fileshare, everything. Port 5236 is officially assigned to “padl2sim”.
iChat local traffic 5298 5298 Some Rendezvous thing.
Multicast DNS 5353 5353 * Mac OS X 10.2: About Multicast DNS. Related to Zeroconf which Apple has implemented as Rendezvous. (Note: the regular Domain Name Service port is 53.)
Dialpad.com 5354, 7175, 8680-8890, 9000, 9450-9460 dyn >=1024 telephony
HotLine 5500-5503 peer-to-peer filesharing.
SGI ESP HTTP 5554 5554 * SGI Embedded Support Partner (ESP) web server. Also used by Trojans, see SGI Security Advisory 20040501-01-I.
InfoSeek Personal Agent 5555 5555 * I don’t know if InfoSeek Personal Agent exists anymore. This port is commonly used by HP OpenView Storage Data Protector (formerly HP OmniBack).
pcAnywhere 5631 5632 remote control *
eShare Chat Server 5760
eShare Web Tour 5761
eShare Admin Server 5764
VNC 5800+, 5900+ remote control
Blizzard Battle.net 6112 6112 online gaming
GNUtella 6346, 6347 6346, 6347 peer-to-peer file sharing *
Netscape Conference H.323 HostCall, 6498, 6502 2327 audioconferencing
Danware NetOp Remote Control 6502 6502 remote control
common IRC 6665-6669 Internet Relay Chat *
Net2Phone CommCenter selected 6801, selected telephony, admin should select one TCP and UDP port in the range 1-3000. Same ports are used by Yahoo Messenger – PC-to-Phone.
BitTorrent 6881-6889, 6969 distributed data download, newer versions TCP 6881-6999. Alternate FAQ link.
Blizzard Downloader World of Warcraft, Battle.net and BitTorrent downloads patches for World of Warcraft
RTP-QT4 6970-6999 Realtime Transport Protocol. (These ports are specifically for the Apple QT4 version.)
VDOLive 7000 user-specified streaming video
Real Audio & Video RTSP, 7070 6970-7170 streaming audio and video
CU-SeeMe, Enhanced CUSM 7648, 7649, LDAP 7648-7652, 24032 videoconferencing
common HTTP 8000, 8001, 8080
Apache JServ Protocol v12 (ajp12) 8007 8007 (default port) See Workers HowTo for config info.
Apache JServ Protocol v13 (ajp13) 8009 8009 (default port) e.g. Apache mod_jk Tomcat connector using ajp13. See Workers HowTo for config info.
Grouper 8038 8038 peer-to-peer (P2P) filesharing
PDL datastream 9100 9100 printing * PDL is Page Description Language. Used commonly by HP printers and by Apple. Also see printing section.
MonkeyCom 9898 9898 * video-chat, also used by Trojans
iVisit 9943, 9945, 56768 videoconferencing
The Palace 9992-9997 9992-9997 chat environment *
common Palace 9998 chat environment
NDMP 10000 10000 Network Data Management Protocol *. Used for storage backup. Also used by Trojans.
Amanda 10080 10080 backup software *. Also used by Trojans.
Yahoo Games 11999 network games
Italk 12345 12345 network chat supporting multiple access methods * Appears mostly used in Japan. There are many other applications calling themselves “italk”. TrendMicro OfficeScan antivirus also uses this port. Commonly used by Trojans.
RTP-iChatAV 16384-16403 Used by Apple iChat AV.
RTP 16384-32767 Realtime Transport Protocol. RTP in general is described in RFC 3550. This range is not registered (it never could be, being so broad) but it seems to be somewhat common. See Are there specific ports assigned to RTP?
Palm Computing Network Hotsync 14237 14238 data synchronization
Liquid Audio 18888 streaming audio
FreeTel 21300-21303 audioconferencing
VocalTec Internet Conference 22555 22555 audio & document conferencing *
Quake 26000 26000 network game *
MSN Gaming Zone 28800-29100 28800-29100 network gaming (zone.com, zone.msn.com), also see DirectPlay 7 and DirectPlay 8
Sygate Manager 39213

Open Systems Interconnection

triyonowibowo — Thu, 22 Oct 2009 04:39:34 +0000

Pengantar Model Open Systems Interconnection(OSI) Model Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) diciptakan oleh International Organization for Standardization (ISO) yang menyediakan kerangka logika terstruktur bagaimana proses komunikasi data berinteraksi melalui jaringan. Standard ini dikembangkan untuk industri komputer agar komputer dapat berkomunikasi pada jaringan yang berbeda secara efisien. Model Layer OSI osigroupedlayers.gif Terdapat 7 layer pada model OSI. Setiap layer bertanggungjawwab secara khusus pada proses komunikasi data. Misal, satu layer bertanggungjawab untuk membentuk koneksi antar perangkat, sementara layer lainnya bertanggungjawab untuk mengoreksi terjadinya “error” selama proses transfer data berlangsung. Model Layer OSI dibagi dalam dua group: “upper layer” dan “lower layer”. “Upper layer” fokus pada applikasi pengguna dan bagaimana file direpresentasikan di komputer. Untuk Network Engineer, bagian utama yang menjadi perhatiannya adalah pada “lower layer”. Lower layer adalah intisari komunikasi data melalui jaringan aktual. “Open” dalam OSI open.gifâ€œOpenâ€ dalam OSI adalah untuk menyatakan model jaringan yang melakukan interkoneksi tanpa memandang perangkat keras/ “hardware” yang digunakan, sepanjang software komunikasi sesuai dengan standard. Hal ini secara tidak langsung menimbulkan “modularity” (dapat dibongkar pasang). Modularity “Modularity” mengacu pada pertukaran protokol di level tertentu tanpa mempengaruhi atau merusak hubungan atau fungsi dari level lainnya. Dalam sebuah layer, protokol saling dipertukarkan, dan memungkinkan komunikasi terus berlangsung. Pertukaran ini berlangsung didasarkan pada perangkat keras “hardware” dari vendor yang berbeda dan bermacam-macam alasan atau keinginan yang berbeda. Modularity modularity_1.gif Seperti contoh Jasa Antar/Kurir. “Modularity” pada level transportasi menyatakan bahwa tidak penting, bagaimana cara paket sampai ke pesawat. modularity_2.gif Paket untuk sampai di pesawat, dapat dikirim melalui truk atau kapal. Masing-masing cara tersebut, pengirim tetap mengirimkan dan berharap paket tersebut sampai di Toronto. Pesawat terbang membawa paket ke Toronto tanpa memperhatikan bagaimana paket tersebut sampai di pesawat itu. 7 Layer OSI Model OSI terdiri dari 7 layer : * Application * Presentation * Session * Transport * Network * Data Link * Physical Apa yang dilakukan oleh 7 layer OSI ? osilayer.gif Ketika data ditransfer melalui jaringan, sebelumnya data tersebut harus melewati ke-tujuh layer dari satu terminal, mulai dari layer aplikasi sampai physical layer, kemudian di sisi penerima, data tersebut melewati layer physical sampai aplikasi. Pada saat data melewati satu layer dari sisi pengirim, maka akan ditambahkan satu “header” sedangkan pada sisi penerima “header” dicopot sesuai dengan layernya. Model OSI Tujuan utama penggunaan model OSI adalah untuk membantu desainer jaringan memahami fungsi dari tiap-tiap layer yang berhubungan dengan aliran komunikasi data. Termasuk jenis-jenis protoklol jaringan dan metode transmisi. Model dibagi menjadi 7 layer, dengan karakteristik dan fungsinya masing-masing. Tiap layer harus dapat berkomunikasi dengan layer di atasnya maupun dibawahnya secara langsung melalui serentetan protokol dan standard. Model OSI Keterangan osilayers_1.gif Application Layer: Menyediakan jasa untuk aplikasi pengguna. Layer ini bertanggungjawab atas pertukaran informasi antara program komputer, seperti program e-mail, dan service lain yang jalan di jaringan, seperti server printer atau aplikasi komputer lainnya. osilayers_2.gif Presentation Layer: Bertanggung jawab bagaimana data dikonversi dan diformat untuk transfer data. Contoh konversi format text ASCII untuk dokumen, .gif dan JPG untuk gambar. Layer ini membentuk kode konversi, translasi data, enkripsi dan konversi. osilayers_3.gif Session Layer: Menentukan bagaimana dua terminal menjaga, memelihara dan mengatur koneksi,- bagaimana mereka saling berhubungan satu sama lain. Koneksi di layer ini disebut “session”. osilayers_4.gif Transport Layer: Bertanggung jawab membagi data menjadi segmen, menjaga koneksi logika “end-to-end” antar terminal, dan menyediakan penanganan error (error handling). osilayers_5.gif Network Layer: Bertanggung jawab menentukan alamat jaringan, menentukan rute yang harus diambil selama perjalanan, dan menjaga antrian trafik di jaringan. Data pada layer ini berbentuk paket. osilayers_6.gif Data Link Layer: Menyediakan link untuk data, memaketkannya menjadi frame yang berhubungan dengan “hardware” kemudian diangkut melalui media. komunikasinya dengan kartu jaringan, mengatur komunikasi layer physical antara sistem koneksi dan penanganan error. osilayers_7.gif Physical Layer: Bertanggung jawab atas proses data menjadi bit dan mentransfernya melalui media, seperti kabel, dan menjaga koneksi fisik antar sistem.

SEJARAH NETBEUI

triyonowibowo — Mon, 19 Oct 2009 04:52:15 +0000

NetBEUI singkatan dari istilah dalam bahasa Inggris: NetBIOS Extended User Interface, adalah sebuah protokol jaringan yang dikembangkan oleh International Business Machine Corporation (IBM) dan Microsoft Corporation pada tahun 1985 yang digunakan untuk jaringan lokal (LAN) yang terdiri atas komputer hingga 200 stasiun kerja. NetBEUI sendiri adalah ekstensi dari protokol NetBIOS.
NetBEUI merupakan protokol utama yang digunakan dalam LAN Manager dan Windows for Workgroups. Protokol ini juga cukup gegas dan efisien. Protokol ini mendukung komunikasi dengan cara connection-oriented (seperti halnya melakukan pemetaan drive di jaringan) atau connectionless (seperti halnya melakukan registrasi nama NetBIOS atau resolusi nama NetBIOS). NetBEUI juga mengimplementasikan fitur flow control dan pendeteksian kesalahan. NetBEUI mendefinisikan mekanisme pembuatan frame pada lapisan transport dan juga mengimplementasikan protokol Logical Link Control 2 dalam model referensi tujuh lapis OSI.
NetBEUI didukung sepenuhnya oleh semua sistem operasi Microsoft Windows. Implementasi NetBEUI dalam sistem operasi Windows NT disebut dengan NetBEUI Frame Protocol.
NetBEUI Frame Protocol
NetBEUI Frame Protocol adalah implementasi lebih lanjut dari protokol jaringan NetBEUI yang hanya tersedia dalam sistem operasi Windows NT. Beberapa perbaikan dan fitur-fitur yang dimiliki oleh protokol ini adalah sebagai berikut:
• Mendukung spesifikasi NDIS (Network Driver Interface Specification) versi 3 untuk komunikasi lapis transport 32-bit secara asinkron dengan menggunakan lapisan TDI (Transport Driver Interface) sebagai emulator NetBIOS.
• Peningkatan kinerja dengan cara melakukan alokasi memori secara dinamis.
• Dukungan terhadap klien-klien yang menggunakan koneksi dial-up dengan menggunakan layanan Remote Access Service (RAS).
• Perubahan pada limitasi jumlah sesi NetBEUI dari 256 sesi NetBEUI menjadi lebih dari 1000 sesi NetBEUI.

Sejarah TCP/IP

Internet Protocol dikembangkan pertama kali oleh Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA) pada tahun 1970 sebagai awal dari usaha untuk mengembangkan protokol yang dapat melakukan interkoneksi berbagai jaringan komputer yang terpisah, yang masing-masing jaringan tersebut menggunakan teknologi yang berbeda. Protokol utama yang dihasilkan proyek ini adalah Internet Protocol (IP). Riset yang sama dikembangkan pula yaitu beberapa protokol level tinggi yang didesain dapat bekerja dengan IP. Yang paling penting dari proyek tersebut adalah Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), dan semua grup protocol diganti dengan TCP/IP suite. Pertamakali TCP/IP diterapkan di ARPANET, dan mulai berkembang setelah Universitas California di Berkeley mulai menggunakan TCP/IP dengan sistem operasi UNIX. Selain Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) ini yang mengembangkan Internet Protocol, yang juga mengembangkan TCP/IP adalah Department of defense (DOD).
Sebagaimana yang telah dikemukakan di atas, TCP/IP juga dikembangkan oleh Department of Defense (DOD). DOD telah melakukan proyek penelitian untuk menghubungkan beberapa jaringan yang didesain oleh berbagai vendor untuk menjadi sebuah networks of networks (Internet). Pada awalnya hal ini berhasil karena hanya menyediakan pelayanan dasar seperti file transfer, electronic mail, remote logon. Beberapa komputer dalam sebuah departemen dapat menggunakan TCP/IP (bersamaan dengan protokol lain) dalam suatu LAN tunggal. Komponen IP menyediakan routing dari departmen ke network enterprise, kemudian ke jaringan regional dan akhirnya ke global internet. Hal ini dapat menjadikan jaringan komunikasi dapat rusak, sehingga untuk mengatasinya maka kemudian DOD mendesain TCP/IP yang dapat memperbaiki dengan otomatis apabila ada node atau saluran telepon yang gagal. Hasil rancangan ini memungkinkan untuk membangun jaringan yang sangat besar dengan pengaturan pusat yang sedikit. Karena adanya perbaikan otomatis maka masalah dalam jaringan tidak diperiksa dan tak diperbaiki untuk waktu yang lama.
Seperti halnya protokol komunikasi yang lain, maka TCP/IP pun mempunyai beberapa layer, layer-layer itu adalah :
Þ IP (internet protocol) yang berperan dalam pentransmisian paket data dari node ke node. IP mendahului setiap paket data berdasarkan 4 byte (untuk versi IPv4) alamat tujuan (nomor IP). Internet authorities menciptakan range angka untuk organisasi yang berbeda. Organisasi menciptakan grup dengan nomornya untuk departemen. IP bekerja pada mesin gateaway yang memindahkan data dari departemen ke organisasi kemudian ke region dan kemudian ke seluruh dunia.
Þ TCP (transmission transfer protocol) berperan didalam memperbaiki pengiriman data yang benar dari suatu klien ke server. Data dapat hilang di tengah-tengah jaringan. TCP dapat mendeteksi error atau data yang hilang dan kemudian melakukan transmisi ulang sampai data diterima dengan benar dan lengkap.
Sockets yaitu merupakan nama yang diberikan kepada subrutin paket yang menyediakan akses ke TCP/IP pada kebanyakan system

Sejarah IPX/SPX

Sebuah teknologi jaringan yang hanya mendukung hingga 254 node untuk tiap jaringan fisiknya, dan dapat berjalan di atas protokol LocalTalk, sebuah antarmuka serial RS-499 / RS-422 yang terdapat di dalam komputer Apple Macintosh. Pada versi AppleTalk Phase II yang lebih baru, protokol yang didukung semakin luas, yakni EtherTalk (untuk konektivitas dengan Ethernet), TokenTalk (untuk konektivitas dengan Token Ring), dan FDDITalk (untuk konektivitas dengan FDDI). Macam AppleTalk antara lain:AppleTalk Data Stream ProtocolAppleTalk File Protokol (AFP)Sebuah protokol layer presentation, mendukung file sharing AplleShare dan Mac OS, mengizinkan user melakukan sharing file dan aplikasi pada sebuah server.AppleTalk Session Protocol (ASP)Protokol yang menggunakan ATP untuk menetapkan, memelihara, dan memutuskan session-session, dan juga permintaan-permintaan yang berurut.AppleTalk Transaction Protocol (ATP)AppleTalk Control Program (ATCP)Protokol untuk menetapkan dan mengkonfigurasi AppleTalk di atas PPP, didefinisikan dalam RFC 1378.AppleTalk Address Resolution Protokol (AARP)Kumpulan protokol AppleTalk yang memetakan alamat data-link alamat network (pengalamatan dinamis). Maksudnya, Alamat mesin di dalam jaringan berbasis AppleTalk secara acak akan diberikan ketika mesin tersebut dikoneksikan ke jaringan tersebut, dan mesin tersebut akan membuat sebuah paket yang dikirimkan secara broadcast untuk menjamin bahwa tidak ada mesin lainnya yang menggunakan alamat tersebut.AARP Probe PacketsPaket-paket yang dikirim oleh AARP untuk menentukan apakah sebuah node ID (identifikasi dari sebuah titik / node) yang diberikan sedang digunakan oleh node lain pada sebuah network AppleTalk yang nonextended. Jika node ID tidak sedang digunakan oleh node lain, node pengirim akan memilih node ID tersebut. Jika node ID sedang digunakan oleh node lain, node pengirim akan memilih sebuah ID lain dan kemudian mengirimkan keluar AARP probe packets yang lebih banyak.AppleTalk Echo Protokol (AEP)Sebuah tes untuk koneksivitas antara dua node atau terminal appletalk di mana satu terminal mengirimkan paket ke terminal lain dan menerima sebuah echo atau copy sebagai tanggapan.AppleTalk Update-based Routing Protokol. (AURP)Sebuah teknik untuk mengenkapsulasi lalu lintas ApplTalk dalam header dari sebuah protocol asing yang memungkinkan koneksi dari paling sedikit dua internetwork ApplteTalk yang tidak bersambungan melalui sebuah network asing (seperti TCP/IP) untuk menciptakan sebuah WAN AppleTalk yang lengkap.AURP TunnelSebuah koneksi dibuat di sebuah WAN AURP yang bertindak sebagai sebuah link virtual tunggal antara internetwork AplleTalk yang terpisah secara fisik oleh sebuah network asing seperti network TCP/IP.IPX / SPXJenis protokol komunikasi yang dipakai oleh komputer-komputer untuk berkomunikasi satu sama lain pada suatu jaringan. IPX digunakan oleh Novell untuk mengantarkan data antara pelayan dan pelanggan. SPX digunakan untuk menjamin pengantaran pesan pada lapisan pengangkutan.IPX / SPX ditemukan oleh Novell dan umumnya hanya dipakai pada jaringan model kuno atau jaringan yang memakai software Novell NetWare. Kebanyakan jaringan saat ini menyukai TCP/IP ketimbang SPX/IPX, karena TCP/IP adalah protokol yang dipakai di Internet. Protokol ini adalah protokol yang routable sama seperti Appletalk, TCP/IP, DECNet dan XNS. Didalam Windows NT keduanya dikenali sebagai NWLink. IPX berfungsi pada Network layer dan SPX berfungsi pada Transport layer.

Mail Protocol

POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3)

Adalah protokol yang digunakan untuk mengambil surat elektronik (email) dari server email.

Protokol ini erat hubungannya dengan protokol SMTP dimana protokol SMTP berguna untuk mengirim surat elektronik dari komputer pengirim ke server.

Protokol POP3 dibuat karena desain dari sistem surat elektronik yang mengharuskan adanya server surat elektronik yang menampung surat eletronik untuk sementara sampai surat elektronik tersebut diambil oleh penerima yang berhak. Kehadiran server surat elektronik ini disebabkan kenyataan hanya sebagian kecil dari komputer penerima surat elektronik yang terus-menerus melakukan koneksi ke jaringan internet.

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)

Adalah protokol standar untuk mengakses/mengambil e-mail dari server. IMAP memungkinkan pengguna memilih pesan e-mail yang akan ia ambil, membuat folder di server, mencari pesan e-mail tertentu, bahkan menghapus pesan e-mail yang ada.

Kemampuan ini jauh lebih baik daripada POP (Post Office Protocol) yang hanya memperbolehkan kita mengambil/download semua pesan yang ada tanpa kecuali.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

Merupakan salah satu protokol yang umum digunakan untuk pengiriman surat elektronik di Internet. Protokol ini dipergunakan untuk mengirimkan data dari komputer pengirim surat elektronik ke server surat elektronik penerima.

Protokol ini timbul karena desain sistem surat elektronik yang mengharuskan adanya server surat elektronik yang menampung sementara sampai surat elektronik diambil oleh penerima yang berhak.